Görtz Daler

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sweden-1-note-daler-phoebus-1718.jpg

1 Daler SM 1718, Görtz Daler Nödmynt (war emergency coinage), Sweden, Charles XII (1697-1718), Phoebus, Copper (size: 24 mm; weight: 4.5 g) KM 359.

History

Swedish war emergency money issued from 1715 to 1719 in copper coins to replace the much larger silver daler in use before the war. The name Görtz daler refers to Gottorp-Holstein's baron Georg Heinrich von Schlitz (called Görtz), Geheimrat and finance minister at the time.

To prevent forgeries Sweden's government issued 10 different types in successive editions: 1, 1715: The obverse gives the nominal value 1 Daler SM (silvermint), the reverse shows a crown. 2, 1716: Svea (Sweden's personifiation) with the inscription "PVBLICA FIDE" (Government loan). 3, 1717: a warrior with coat of arms and the inscription "WETT OCH WAPPEN" (knowledge and coat of arms). 4, 1718: a warrior with lion, "FLINK OCH FÄRDIG" (swift and ready). 5-9, 1718: ancient gods: Jove, Saturnus (father time), Phoebus, Mars, Mercur. 10, 1719 with a design by Hedinger: "hoppet" Hope personified. Though the inscription promised 1 Daler silvermynt the last series was actually issued as 2-öre-pieces silvermynt and supposed to have the same value as 1 daler kopparmynt or Plåtmynt.

The emergency money was – with a circulation of some 4 million coins – everything but welcomed by the population. What was worse: Sweden's governemnt ultimately failed to buy the old coins from the market and to exchange them for coins of a more appropriate nominal value. In February 1719 Görtz had to pay for the general dissatisfation with his beheading in Stockholm. The government's promise to accept the worthless coins as proper payment as soon as peace arrived was hardly kept after the piece of Nystad in 1721. Coins were accepted yet only for half their nominal value i.e. 16 öre. The remaining coins began to circulate as 1-öre-pieces, some of them were overstruck with the new value.


sweden-oere-km-1719.jpg

1 öre, kopparmynt, Ulrika Eleonora (1719-20), 1719 (KM.364.1), V E R S above crowns, grilled edge (overstruck on Note Daler "PHOEBVS", host coin details visible) Copper, size: 24.8 mm.

Literature

  • Platbãrzdis, Alexandrs, Sveriges Sedlar del II (1964), p.10-12, 14-16 and fig. 2-5, 7-10.
  • Wallén, Lennart, Sveriges Sedlar del I-II (1984), p.126-130 and p.135-148.
  • Wallén, Lennart, Riksgälden, Den svenska statsskulden (1985), p.14-29: "Kontributionsränteriet, Baron von Görtz, Obligationer, Myntsedlar, Nödmynten, Försäkringssedlar".
  • "Nödmynten och baron Görtz.", Skandinavisk Numismatik, 1/78 p.20 + 2/78 p.20.
  • "Kontributionsverkets sedlar", Skandinavisk Numismatik, 5/79 p.22.
  • "Karl XII:s nödmynt", Skandinaviska Mynt Magasinet, 4/87 p.24.
  • "Karl XII:s nödmynt", Myntkontakt 3/72 p.10.
  • Från 1 Daler SM till 1 Öre KM, Ingemars Myntsida
  • Kontributionsverket 1716-1717 och Försäkringssedlar 1719-1728, Sedelmynt 2004-03-25